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topological polynomial

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  • Topological space — Topological spaces are mathematical structures that allow the formal definition of concepts such as convergence, connectedness, and continuity. They appear in virtually every branch of modern mathematics and are a central unifying notion. The… …   Wikipedia

  • Topological order — In physics, topological order is a new kind of order (a newkind of organization of particles) in a quantum state that is beyond theLandau symmetry breaking description. It cannot be described by local order parameters and long rangecorrelations.… …   Wikipedia

  • Topological sorting — Dependency resolution redirects here. For other uses, see Dependency (disambiguation). In computer science, a topological sort or topological ordering of a directed graph is a linear ordering of its vertices such that, for every edge uv, u comes… …   Wikipedia

  • Topological quantum computer — A topological quantum computer is a theoretical quantum computer that employs two dimensional quasiparticles called anyons, whose world lines cross over one another to form braids in a three dimensional spacetime (i.e., one temporal plus two… …   Wikipedia

  • Alexander polynomial — In mathematics, the Alexander polynomial is a knot invariant which assigns a polynomial with integer coefficients to each knot type. James Waddell Alexander II discovered this, the first knot polynomial, in 1923. In 1969, John Conway showed a… …   Wikipedia

  • Irreducible polynomial — In mathematics, the adjective irreducible means that an object cannot be expressed as a product of at least two non trivial factors in a given set. See also factorization. For any field F , the ring of polynomials with coefficients in F is… …   Wikipedia

  • Kazhdan–Lusztig polynomial — In representation theory, a Kazhdan–Lusztig polynomial P y,w ( q ) is a member of a family of integral polynomials introduced in work of David Kazhdan and George Lusztig Harv|Kazhdan|Lusztig|1979. They are indexed by pairs of elements y , w of a… …   Wikipedia

  • Ring (mathematics) — This article is about algebraic structures. For geometric rings, see Annulus (mathematics). For the set theory concept, see Ring of sets. Polynomials, represented here by curves, form a ring under addition and multiplication. In mathematics, a… …   Wikipedia

  • Vector space — This article is about linear (vector) spaces. For the structure in incidence geometry, see Linear space (geometry). Vector addition and scalar multiplication: a vector v (blue) is added to another vector w (red, upper illustration). Below, w is… …   Wikipedia

  • Complex number — A complex number can be visually represented as a pair of numbers forming a vector on a diagram called an Argand diagram, representing the complex plane. Re is the real axis, Im is the imaginary axis, and i is the square root of –1. A complex… …   Wikipedia

  • Chern-Simons theory — The Chern Simons theory is a 3 dimensional topological quantum field theory of Schwarz type, developed by Shiing Shen Chern and James Harris Simons. In condensed matter physics, Chern Simons theory describes the topological orderin fractional… …   Wikipedia

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